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Birds have been in the park since the Russian ambassador gave King Charles II two in 1664 – but none ever bred there
They arrived in the royal park shortly before the Great Fire of London, when the Russian ambassador presented a pair to King Charles II as a gift.
But although pelicans have been living in St James’s Park since 1664, none ever learned the art of courtship – until now, when for the first time in more than 360 years, chicks have been born.
The first of four chicks hatched on 17 May and all have now survived their first month, to the delight of the Royal Parks manager, Mark Wasilewski. “This really is a first for us,” he said. “We’re gobsmacked.”
There are six adult great white pelicans living in the park: two males, called Sun and Moon, and four females, called Star, Isla, Tiffany and Gargi.
“Pelicans normally only breed when they’re in large groups of 10, 12 or more,” said Wasilewski. “We’ve always had between two and six – never a great number – and as the pelicans ave passed away, we’ve decided when it’s time to bring in some more … just to keep that tradition going, which we think is a really important tradition for St James’s Park.”
Five eggs were laid in three nests, and eight-year-old Star and 30-year-old Gargi, an “elderly female pelican”, shared sitting on one nest. “One of the two males must have impregnated one of them, but unfortunately we don’t know which of the two actually laid the eggs,” he said. “And we don’t know which dad has played around.”
Gargi has been a permanent resident of St James’s Park since she was found in a garden in Southend 1996, although she has occasionally been spotted flying to London zoo in Regent’s Park to steal fish.
Wasilewski is working with Blackpool zoo, Royal Veterinary College, the Zoological Society of London and the Wildfowl & Wetlands Trust, to provide expert care for the chicks. He said they had a ferocious appetite – “which is good news” – and were “ever so ugly”. “Someone said they look a little like dinosaurs. They’re completely black, they’re featherless and already they’ve got the little pointed bills.”
They are beginning to grow “nice furry chestnut-brown down”, but they will not start getting feathers until they are eight or nine weeks old.
The chicks are “just beginning to waddle” around the nest but are vulnerable until they take to the water with their parents when they are about 12 weeks old. Visitors have been urged to give them space and avoid disturbing them.
“They’re growing at an enormously fast rate. Week one, they were the size of a pigeon. Week two, they were the size of a very small duck. We were looking at the eldest one and we think it’s probably about 2ft high now already.”
When the first egg hatched “our wildest dreams were fulfilled”, he said. “We were always hoping that something like that would happen but we never really thought it would. It’s absolutely delightful … with the world as it is, to see something like this. It’s nature at its best.”
Wildlife officers have particularly enjoyed “seeing the mothers nestling the youngsters under their wings”.
The pelicans were enclosed on Duck Island during the avian flu outbreak earlier this year and were released on 9 April. “On the 13 April, we discovered they were making a nest. So when you’re cooped on Duck Island with nothing to do for several weeks, we know now what they do,” he said
A mouse plague has struck parts of Australia, and it's not for the first time. The startling scenes in this Instagram post show hundreds of thousands of mice streaming around agricultural equipment and across roads. Farmers and the authorities can only do their best against a relentless onslaught.
News reports coming out of Australia are shocking. Farmers in many parts of the country are facing financial ruin as they spend time and money on baiting rodents and replanting ruined crops. Then there is the emotional cost as they lie awake at night listening to the mice racing across their ceilings and around AC units. Add to this the inevitable stench caused by having so many rodents concentrated in one area.
The current mouse plague is affecting large parts of Western and Southern Australia. In a previous mouse plague in 2021, prisoners in New South Wales had to be relocated after mice caused extensive damage to a jail.
Part of the reason for this plague is the recent bumper harvest. There is a lot of grain spilled in paddocks, and that's an easily accessible and plentiful food source for the mice. On top of that, early summer rain has encouraged young, green shoots to sprout, providing even more food.
The house mouse (Mus domesticus) was introduced to Australia by the first European settlers during the late 18th century. The first ever plague was reported in 1917, involving an estimated 32 million mice. Since then, these phenomena have been recorded regularly.
Mice were introduced to Australia in the 18th century.
©iStock.com/VÃctor Suárez Naranjo
Plagues occur when mouse breeding accelerates rapidly. Their breeding season starts in October and continues until the following May. They can reproduce at an alarming rate, producing litters of up to 11 offspring every three weeks, and can begin breeding as early as five weeks old. It takes just four to five generations for a plague to develop.
However, certain conditions must be met to support large mouse populations: sufficient food and water, suitable temperatures, and adequate nesting sites.
Mouse plagues are a financial disaster. Wheat, the main winter cereal crop grown in southern and eastern Australia, suffers the most from mouse plagues. However, mice also damage other crops, animal husbandry facilities, farm machinery, vehicles, and homes. Mice also transmit diseases such as Salmonella to humans and domestic animals, leptospirosis to humans and animals, and encephalomyocarditis virus to pigs.
This sort of catastrophe needs an integrated pest management strategy to tackle it. Buildings need to be mouse-proofed, and good hygiene practices need to be introduced. Rodenticides are the most effective control option. However, even this leaves farmers with the task of disposing of millions of mouse corpses, which is deeply unpleasant!
Fri, June 19, 2026 at 2:32 PM GMT+2